有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖作用:↑Apoptosis、Autophage
抑制主导癌细胞增生的重要讯息传递上游因子:Ras
活化 AMPK and 抑制 mTOR
具有抗氧化作用 & 降低氧化压力:
活化 NF-E2-相关因子2 (Nrf2)
强化相关 Phase II 酶的表现(De-toxification)
降低发炎 & 自体免疫失调的反应:↓NF-kB
抑制发炎因子: TNF-α、TGF-β1、IL-6、IL-1β
Antroquinonol诱导癌细胞走向死亡
— 在探讨 Antroquinonol诱导癌细胞走向死亡的讯号传递路径中,研究结果指出: Antroquinonol藉由抑制 Ras 的活性,进而影响其下游讯息传递因子,包括
→抑制 PI3K 的表现量与降低 Akt 的磷酸化程度
→以及活化 AMPK 促使 TSC1/TSC2 结合更紧密
→大大的降低 mTORC1 的活性
→开启癌细胞的自噬作用机制。
Antroquinonol亦活化 MEK1/ERK1/2 的路径,此一路径亦会加乘癌细胞的自噬作用机制。
另外,Antroquinonol降低 Bcl-2、Bcl-XL 与 MCl-1 的蛋白质量,亦会使粒线体(mitochondrion)不稳定,此现象能诱发癌细胞走向程序性凋亡的路径。
Reference
01. Antroquinonol differentially modulates T cell activity and reduces interleukin-18 production, but enhances Nrf2 activation, in murine accelerated severe lupus nephritis. Tsai PY, Ka SM, Chang JM, Lai JH, Dai MS, Jheng HL, Kuo MT, Chen P, Chen A. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Jan;64(1):232-42.
02. Antroquinonol, a natural ubiquinone derivative, induces a cross talk between apoptosis, autophagy and senescence in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Yu CC, Chiang PC, Lu PH, Kuo MT, Wen WC, Chen P, Guh JH.
J Nutr Biochem. 2012 Aug;23(8):900-7.
03. Antroquinonol from ethanolic extract of mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea protects hepatic cells from ethanol-induced oxidative stress through Nrf-2 activation. Kumar KJ, Chu FH, Hsieh HW, Liao JW, Li WH, Lin JC, Shaw JF, Wang SY.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jun 14;136(1):168-77.
04. Antroquinonol reduces oxidative stress by enhancing the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibits inflammation and sclerosis in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis mice. Tsai PY, Ka SM, Chao TK, Chang JM, Lin SH, Li CY, Kuo MT, Chen P, Chen A. Free Radic Biol Med. 2011 Jun 1;50(11):1503-16.
05. Antroquinonol inhibits NSCLC proliferation by altering PI3K/mTOR proteins and miRNA expression profiles. Kumar VB, Yuan TC, Liou JW, Yang CJ, Sung PJ, Weng CF. Mutat Res. 2011 Feb 10;707(1-2):42-52.
06. Antroquinonol displays anticancer potential against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells: a crucial role of AMPK and mTOR pathways. Chiang PC, Lin SC, Pan SL, Kuo CH, Tsai IL, Kuo MT, Wen WC, Chen P, Guh JH. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Jan 15;79(2):162-71..
07. New constituents with iNOS inhibitory activity from mycelium of Antrodia camphorata. Yang SS, Wang GJ, Wang SY, Lin YY, Kuo YH, Lee TH. Planta Med. 2009 Apr;75(5):512-6.
08. An Extract of Antrodia camphorata Mycelia Attenuates the Progression of Nephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Prone NZB/W F1 Mice. Chang JM, Lee YR, Hung LM, Liu SY, Kuo MT, Wen WC, Chen P. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:465894.
09. A new cytotoxic agent from solid-state fermented mycelium of Antrodia camphorata. Lee TH, Lee CK, Tsou WL, Liu SY, Kuo MT, Wen WC. Planta Med.2007;73 (EFirst):1412-1415.
在以国鼎牛樟芝(菇)为材料进行的抗疲劳功效性实验中发现,连续服用国鼎牛樟芝(菇)四周后...[详细]
2013年,GiLead的Sovadic肝新药,一粒便要价一千美元,一个月至少花上二万八千美元,一年的药费更是高达叁十六万美元...[详细]